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The role of glucose in cognition, risk of dementia, and related biomarkers in individuals without type 2 diabetes mellitus or the metabolic syndrome: A systematic review of observational studies

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Kirvalidze, M., Hodkinson, A., Storman, D., Fairchild, T.J.ORCID: 0000-0002-3975-2213, Bała, M.M., Beridze, G., Zuriaga, A., Brudasca, N.I. and Brini, S. (2022) The role of glucose in cognition, risk of dementia, and related biomarkers in individuals without type 2 diabetes mellitus or the metabolic syndrome: A systematic review of observational studies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 135 . Art. 104551.

Link to Published Version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104551
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Abstract

Background

Excessive blood glucose promotes neuropathological cognitive decline in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome, but no systematic synthesis of the evidence for the same association exists in individuals without these conditions.

Objectives

To systematically review studies exploring the role of glucose on cognition, dementia risk, and related biomarkers in adults without diabetes or metabolic syndrome.

Data sources

We searched databases from inception until July 2021 and manually searched the reference lists of included studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool.

Results

We found 46 observational studies including approximately 98,216 participants. Substantial heterogeneity in study results precluded drawing definitive conclusion whether blood glucose levels are associated with cognition or dementia risk. Higher blood glucose, however, was associated with greater amyloid burden, brain atrophy, and reduced cortical thickness.

Conclusions and implications

High glucose concentrations in blood may exacerbate dementia-related neuropathology but whether this translates into pathological cognitive decline or elevate dementia risk later in life remains unclear.

Item Type: Journal Article
Murdoch Affiliation(s): Centre for Healthy Ageing
Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (CMMIT)
Health Futures Institute
Publisher: Elsevier
Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier Ltd.
URI: http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/63896
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