Drug induced alloreactivity: A new paradigm for allorecognition

D'Orsogna, L., Almeida, C., van Miert, P., Zoet, Y., Anholts, J., Chopra, A., Watson, M.ORCID: 0000-0002-6438-9225, Witt, C., John, M. and Claas, F. (2019) Drug induced alloreactivity: A new paradigm for allorecognition. American Journal of Transplantation, 19 (9). pp. 2606-2613.

Abstract

Abacavir administration is associated with drug‐induced hypersensitivity reactions in HIV+ individuals expressing the HLA‐B*57:01 allele. However, the immunological effects of abacavir administration in an HLA‐B57 mismatched transplantation setting have not been studied. We hypothesized that abacavir exposure could induce de novo HLA‐B57‐specific allorecognition. HIV‐specific CD8 T cell clones were generated from HIV+ individuals, using single cell sorting based on HIV peptide/HLA tetramer staining. The T cell clones were assayed for alloreactivity against a panel of single HLA‐expressing cell lines, in the presence or absence of abacavir. Cytokine assay, CD137 upregulation, and cytotoxicity were used as readout. Abacavir exposure can induce de novo HLA‐B57 allorecognition by HIV‐specific T cells. A HIV Gag RK9/HLA‐A3‐specific T cell did exhibit interferon‐γ production, CD137 upregulation, and cytolytic effector function against allogeneic HLA‐B57, but only in the presence of abacavir. Allorecognition was specific to the virus specificity, HLA restriction, and T cell receptor TRBV use of the T cell. We provide proof‐of‐principle evidence that administration of a drug could induce specific allorecognition of mismatched HLA molecules in the transplant setting. We suggest that HIV‐seropositive recipients of an HLA‐B57 mismatched graft should not receive abacavir until further studies are completed.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Murdoch Affiliation(s):	Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases
Publisher:	Blackwell Publishing
Copyright:	© 2019 The American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
URI:	http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/46942

Item Control Page