Effect of natural products on the production and activity of Clostridium difficile toxins in vitro
Roshan, N., Riley, T.V., Knight, D.R.ORCID: 0000-0002-9480-4733 and Hammer, K.A.
(2018)
Effect of natural products on the production and activity of Clostridium difficile toxins in vitro.
Scientific Reports, 8
.
Article 15735.
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Abstract
Clostridium difficile infection is a toxin-mediated disease of the colon. C. difficile virulence is primarily attributed to the production of toxin A and toxin B; thus this study was aimed to investigate the effect of a range of natural products on the production and activity of C. difficile toxins in vitro. Twenty-two natural products were investigated against four C. difficile strains. The activity of products against toxins was determined using Vero and HT-29 cells cytotoxicity and neutral red uptake assays. The indirect effect of products on toxin-mediated cytotoxicity was determined using the same cell lines. The effect of seven products on toxin production by C. difficile was determined using ELISA. Zingerone (0.3 mg/ml) protected both cell lines from C. difficile cytopathic effects, confirmed by the neutral red uptake assay (P < 0.05). Three Leptospermum honeys (4% w/v), fresh onion bulb extract (12.5% v/v) and trans-cinnamaldehyde (0.005% v/v) all reduced toxin production and activity significantly (P ≤ 0.023). Garlic clove powder (4.7 mg/ml) only reduced toxin activity (P ≤ 0.047). Overall, several natural products had activity against C. difficile toxins in vitro encouraging further investigation against C. difficile toxins in vivo.
Item Type: | Journal Article |
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Murdoch Affiliation(s): | School of Veterinary and Life Sciences |
Publisher: | Springer Nature |
Copyright: | © The Author(s) 2018 |
URI: | http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/42482 |
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