Clinical characteristics and outcomes of thrombotic microangiopathy in Malaysia

Yap, Y.Y., Sathar, J., Law, K.B., Zulkurnain, P.A.B., Edmund, S.C., Chang, K.M. and Baker, R. (2018) Clinical characteristics and outcomes of thrombotic microangiopathy in Malaysia. Blood Research, 53 (2). p. 130.

Abstract

Background
Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) with non-deficient ADAMTS-13 (a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif 13) outcome is unknown hence the survival analysis correlating with ADAMTS-13 activity is conducted in Malaysia.

Methods
This was a retrospective epidemiological study involving all cases of TMA from 2012–2016.

Results
We evaluated 243 patients with a median age of 34.2 years; 57.6% were female. Majority of the patients were Malay (62.5%), followed by Chinese (23.5%) and Indian (8.6%). The proportion of patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) was 20.9%, 72.2% of which were acquired while 27.8% were congenital. Patients with ADAMTS-13 activity ≥5% had a four-fold higher odds of mortality compared to those with ADAMTS-13 activity <5% (odds ratio: 4.133, P=0.0425). The mortality rate was 22.6% (N=55). Most cases had secondary etiologies (42.5%), followed by acquired TTP (16.6%), atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) or HUS (12.8%) and congenital TTP (6.4%). Patients with secondary TMA had inferior overall survival (P=0.0387). The secondary causes comprised systemic lupus erythematosus (30%), infection (29%), pregnancy (10%), transplant (8%), malignancy (6%), and drugs (3%). Transplant-associated TMA had the worst OS (P=0.0016) among the secondary causes. Plasma exchange, methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin were recorded as first-line treatments in 162 patients, while rituximab, bortezomib, vincristine, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, and tacrolimus were described in 78 patients as second-line treatment.

Conclusion
This study showed that TMA without ADAMTS-13 deficiency yielded inferior outcomes compared to TMA with severeADAMTS-13 deficiency, although this difference was not statistically significant.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publisher:	Kamje Press
Copyright:	© 2018 Korean Society of Hematology
URI:	http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41346

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