Prediction of electrolyte solubilities from minimal thermodynamic information

Königsberger, E. (2001) Prediction of electrolyte solubilities from minimal thermodynamic information. Monatshefte fur Chemie//Chemical Monthly, 132 (11). pp. 1363-1386.

Abstract

A method is proposed that permits the proper extrapolation of thermodynamic quantities represented by the Pitzer equations from 25°C to other temperatures. The new method, which assumes temperature independent heat capacities, was tested for the NaCl*H2O system and found very satisfactory. A new evaluation of the Na2CO3*H2O system according to the CALPHAD method is presented, and solubilities for the quaternary Na2CO3*NaCl*NaOH*H2O and its ternary subsystems are predicted. Limitations of (i) these predictions and of (ii) the Pitzer model regarding extrapolations to high molalities are discussed.